Stoichiometry problem

Here's the kind of thing you should be able to do without a calculator:

Unit 6 Bonding Topics

Bonding Unit Topics

General Bonding:

Octet Rule
Electronegativity and Bond Type (non polar bonds, polar bonds, ionic bonds)
Lewis Dot Diagrams
Valence electrons for each family (Main Group columns: 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A)

 

Covalent Bonds:

General properties (gases, liquids or soft solids at room temp)

Lewis Structures

Single, double and triple bonds (Hybridization: sp3, sp2, sp)

VSEPR shapes (linear, bent, trigonal planar, trigonal pyramidal, tetrahedral)

Polar vs nonpolar molecules

 

Ionic Bonds:

Properties of ionic compounds as described by ionic bonds

Brittle Solids at room temperature

High melting and boiling points

Don’t conduct electricity in solid state

Conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in a polar liquid.

 

Metallic Bonds:

Mobile sea of valence electrons attracted to metal cation

Properties of metals as explained by metallic bonding.

luster, malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity

Alloys

 

Intermolecular Forces (IMF):

London Dispersion Forces

Dipole - Dipole Forces

Hydrogen Bonding

Unit 5 Topics

Topics for Unit 5 - Nomenclature 

• Ionic Compounds
  • Binary with main group elements 
  • Binary with Transition Metals 
  • Polyatomic Ions
    • memorize the 'big four'
• Molecular Compounds
  • Prefixes and when to use them 
  • Diatomic 7 (Horses Need Oats For Clear Brown I’s?) 
  • molecular compounds with common names (H₂O, NH₃, H₂O₂) 
• Acids
  • monoatomic anion 
  • polyatomic anions

You must be able to go back and forth between name and formula!

Unit 4 Atoms and Light Topics

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Zumdahl Chapter 11: Modern Atomic Theory

Atoms

• Parts of a wave and how they are related to each other
  • Wavelength, Frequency, Velocity, and Energy
• The electromagnetic spectrum
  • Electromagnetic radiation
  • Properties of light and its dual nature
  • From gamma rays to radio waves: how does wavelength, frequency, and energy change?
  • The visible light spectrum and energy differences between the colors
• The history of the atom
  • Scientists contributing to our current model of the atom
  • Important experiments and discoveries
• Electron configurations
  • principal energy levels and number of electrons that can exist in each
    • Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, Hund’s rule
  • Write electron configuration for any element or ion (Don’t memorize exceptions, but know that they exist)
  • Use the noble gases shorthand when asked
• Electron orbitals
  • order of electron filling
  • shapes of sublevels (s, p and d)
  • number of orbitals  (s, p, d, f) (s: 1 orbital l, 2 e-, p:3 orbitals, 6e-, d :5 orbitals, 10 e-, f :7 orbitals, 14 e-)

Periodic Table

• The Periodic Law
  • Brief history of development of the modern periodic table
• Families: Names,  location on periodic table, characteristics and ion formation
  • Alkali Metals
  • Alkaline Earth Metals
  • Halogens
  • Noble Gases
• Periodic Trends
  • Atomic Radius
  • Ionization Energy
  • Electronegativity
  • Electron Affinity
  • Ion size
• Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids (Semiconductors)
  • location in periodic table
  • basic properties

Unit 3 The Mole, Topics

The Mole and Chemical Reactions

Zumdahl Chapter 6 and Chapter 7

The Mole Chapter 6

Atomic Mass unit

Average atomic mass

Mole

Avogadro’s number

Molar Mass

Molar Mass Conversions

mass to mole

mole to mass

Molar Volume
Empirical and Molecular Formulas

Chemical Reactions Chapter 7

Chemical Reaction

Chemical Equation

Reactants

Products

Balancing the chemical equation

Coefficients

Symbols of the physical states (s, l, g, aq)

Unit 2 Chem Skills Topics

Chem Skills Test Topics

Zumdahl Chemistry Text: Chapter 5

Topics:

Scientific Notation

Scientific Notation Calculations

Precision and accuracy

Identifying Significant Figures

Significant Figure Calculations

Metric Conversions

SI Units/conversions

Density Calculations

Specific Gravity

Percent Error

Dimensional Analysis

Unit 1 Review

Topics Covered on Chemistry Foundations Test

Chapters 1-3

1. Common Elements/Symbols
2. Lab Safety
3. States of Matter and characteristics
4. Physical & Chemical Changes
5. Homogeneous & Heterogeneous Mixtures

• examples and definition

6. Elements, compounds and mixtures
7. Subatomic Particles

• How to find the number of protons, neutrons and electrons
• Charge and location of each subatomic particle.

7. Ions: Cations & Anions (Which common elements form cations and anions and their charges)

• How are ions formed?

8. Isotopes (How to calculate Average Atomic Mass)

• What makes isotopes of an element different than other isotopes?

9. Dependant vs. Independent Variables

• Identification and Graphing (What goes on the x and y axis)

10. Direct vs. Inverse Relationships.

• Shape of graph
• Description of relationship

Image of the Earth from Apollo 17

Today, in 1972, this picture was taken. The famous "Blue Marble" shot.

 Blue Marble - Image of the Earth from Apollo 17

Sigma and Pi Bonds: Hybridization Explained!

Video we watched on Tuesday 12.1.15